M.M. Yakhyaev - PhD student Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers Abstract In this article, the optimal solution for the effective use of pastures and natural resources in our country is the sustainable development of pasture animal husbandry, in particular, rare branches of animal husbandry, such as sheep (especially Karakul), camels, goats, which have many years of experience and skills. However, a number of long-standing problems, in particular the improvement of pastures and livestock production, are negatively affecting the development of a market economy. Key words: camel breeding, goat breeding, sheep breeding, degradation, natural factors, temperature, composition of plants and type of pastures, etc.

R.Imamov – Senior Lecturer of Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnology Abstract The end result of any production activity is to achieve high economic efficiency. Opinions, comments and conclusions are presented by studying the generally accepted methodological approaches in determining the economic efficiency for all sectors and industries of agricultural production. Keywords: natural factors, efficiency, lemon, cost-effectiveness of lemon cultivation, labor costs, Construction of steel structures, Trench construction costs.

D.T.Islamova - Senior lecturer, Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies Abstract Potato is one of the most popular agricultural crops in Uzbekistan. At the same time, there is a certain demand for it in the neighbouring countries. Therefore, the government decided to implement a series of measures to support the producers of this product. The import of food products allows to increase the level of food supply, reduce prices and create a competitive environment for local producers in the domestic market, thereby forcing them to increase productivity. Key words: potato cultivation, liberalization, specialization, import, export, productivity, food, seeds.

U.Z. Alimov - PhD student Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers Abstract The article analyzes the ongoing reforms in the melon growing industry, the amount of production in the industry, growth dynamics and trends in the recent years. The presence of structural changes in the cultivation of agricultural products is reflected in the increase in the area under melon growing products between 2015 and 2020 years. The increase in the volume of exports of melon growing products and the expansion of the geography of exports have had a positive impact on the efficiency of the sector. Keywords: melon growing, international standard, organic products, export geography

Sh.M.Murodov - PhD, Associate Professor at the Department of Economics Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers. Abstract. The active penetration of digital technologies into all spheres of life of modern society, business communities and the governments of the countries of the world, realized the need to accelerate the processes of digitalization and digital transformation of the economy in order to achieve competitive positions in the emerging digital space of the new world economy. The article examines the formation and development of modern economic theory related to the processes of digitalization, structural institutional transformations, the formation of the digital economy and to substantiate the scientific and methodological basis for the digital transformation of socio-economic systems based on the formation and development of the institution of service integration. Key words: digital technologies, business, digital transformation, economy, digitalization, structural institutional transformations, socio-economic systems, integration.

L.S. Suvonova - Assistant, “Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers” National Research University Abstract: This article discusses the role of solar energy as a natural energy source for the synthesis of electric heaters. The work of famous scientists on the development of the field of using energy devices based on solar energy in heat supply systems is presented. As a result of converting solar energy into heat, productivity can be increased by automatically adjusting energy consumption in the manufacture of high-temperature electric heaters using a set of solar energy devices, using these structures to reduce capital costs in the manufacture and operation of high-temperature electric heaters. A distinctive feature of electric heaters is their electrical resistance, maximum and minimum conditions at room temperature, the choice of heaters and their division into groups. The resistance of a high-temperature electric heater is the result of measurements in an open field at a constant temperature of 1000-1500°C in a steady state of the working section. Electric heaters can be used in other rooms as well. Chromite is the least aggressive substance in comparison with lanthanum, gases in the atmosphere at heater temperatures up to 1200°C. When the oxygen reduced pressure is less than 100 Pa, it is possible to operate at 1400°C in this gaseous environment. Convenience, simple and quick replacement, continuous and cyclic operation, heating in an oxidizing atmosphere up to 1800°C, stability of electrical properties during operation (no aging) - the possibility of using old and new electric heaters together, the ability to work in the whole temperature range (from room temperature to the maximum). In addition, lanthanum chromite high temperature electric stirrer types, lanthanum chromite high temperature electric heating elements are made of ceramic material, conductive and resistive heating capabilities directly from room temperature, lanthanum chromite heaters are used in air driven resistance electric furnaces and up to 1700° C °, some provide thermal processes at temperatures up to 1800°C C in boxes. It is stated that the heaters can be used continuously and intermittently with full cooling between cycles.

M.Ibragimov - Associate Professor, D.M.Akbarov – PhD student, “Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers” National Research University Abstract: Asynchronous motors are used in many agricultural industries.Agricultural production is a production with high humidity. As noted above, one of the main reasons for the failure of electric motors in agricultural installations, during prolonged downtime, is the breakdown of insulation due to its dampness. Moistening the winding insulation will degrade the dielectric performance of the insulation. If the electric motor is often switched on and the total operating time per day is at least 4 - 6 hours in rooms with high humidity, but without ammonia vapors, then dangerous waterlogging of the windings does not occur. preheating the windings for an electric motor with a power of 3 kW, in order to maintain the state of the insulation resistance at a level safe for switching on, can be provided with a power of 12 W. Keywords: Asynchronous motor, insulation, dampness, failure, prevention methods, dielectric, heating, temperature, humidity, motor windings.

Q.Nosurullaev – PhD student, “Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers” National Research University Abstract: Insurance plays an important role as part of climate change adaptation strategies for agriculture and households in developing countries. However, there are many problems in the market that hinder the full development of agricultural insurance services in agriculture. In Uzbekistan, agriculture is reflected in such market problems as information asymmetries, high costs, poor infrastructure, and public distrust of insurance services. The government's provision of special subsidies to increase coverage and a number of other changes could lead to some market growth. Keywords: agricultural risk insurance, insurance premiums, insurance services, climate change, insurance protection, institutional development, insurance payments.

I.Yunusov – PhD, “Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers” National Research University Abstract: The article substantiates the objective need for the development of the fish farming industry, summarizes its features into a single system, develops recommendations for improving the system of indicators of the economic efficiency of fish farming, reveals the relationship of factors affecting the development of the industry, reveals significant aspects of foreign experience in the development of the industry. In particular, the ongoing reforms in the fish farming industry and trends in change, the state were analyzed, recommendations were developed on the basis of norms that provide for saving resources, reducing the cost of material, technical and labor resources necessary for growing fish. Keywords: fisheries, aquaculture, efficiency of fisheries enterprises, production of fish products, state support for fisheries

F.Husnitdin Fakhriddin o’g’li, PhD student of “Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers” National Research University Abstract: This article shows the importance of the state youth policy pursued in our country today, as well as the importance of the original spiritual values formed by our ancestors. For the future of our independent state, we need people with high spirituality and harmonious development. The article analyzes the upbringing of young people and the factors affecting them at a time when threats and dangers to national identity and spiritual values are growing. Keywords: Values, morality, spirituality, information crisis, patriotism, democracy

Sh.Hoshimova – Researcher of “Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers” National Research University Abstract: The sustainable development of agriculture and the improvement of food supply to the population is associated with solving the problem of increasing the efficiency of agricultural production in a country, industry, region, enterprise. An integral part of it is the development of the beekeeping industry, which is of independent importance in terms of identifying reserves for increasing the volume of production of its products and substantiating ways for a more rational use of bees in various fields of human activity. Honey production in Uzbekistan is one of the priority areas of authentic agricultural products and can take a leading position in the world market. Keywords: honey production, rational use of bees, beekeeping, pollination, forestry and climate regulation, ecosystems.

U. Khabibullaeva - PhD student of “Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers” National Research University Abstract: Fruit growing as a branch of agricultural production deals with the cultivation of perennial tree fruit species. The main purpose of this industry is the production of fruits and berries, which are the food of the population and raw materials for the processing industry. Citrus fruits are consumed fresh, they are distinguished by high palatability and have healing properties. They include useful for the human body, sugars, acids, mineral salts, vitamins, proteins and essential oils. Among subtropical crops, oranges, lemons, tangerines occupy an important place in terms of nutritional value and dietary value. Keywords: citrus growing, subtropical crops, citrus farming, nutritional value, horticulture, greenhouses, resource-saving technologies.

The article studies the technology of disinfection of drinking water using water purification systems using ultraviolet radiation, operating on autonomous energy sources based on solar panels. A.S. Berdishev - Doctor of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, N.M.Markayev - PhD, Senior Lecturer, "Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers" National Research University

F.J. Saydullaeva, Ph.D. student “Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers” National Research University Abstract: This investigation is examined agricultural production diversification in a given period and space by a single quantitative indicator. For the analyses conducted the survey in the Samarkand region, which areas produced the major agricultural products. The results indicated that crop diversification was high at a value of 0.76 measured by Herfindahl Hirschman index in Samarkand region. The level of livestock diversification is determined very low at value of 0.15. Government support for livestock diversification will serve to increase rural households’ income and increase the consumption and production of high-calorie products. Keywords: Crop diversification, Livestock diversification, Herfindahl Hirschman Index, Household, Samarkand region.

U.Sangirova – Associate professor, I.Yunusov – PhD, TIIAME National Research University Abstract: The sustainable development of walnut growing is substantiated on the basis of a cluster approach, regional and sectoral partnership of walnut growing enterprises, food industry, scientific institutions, united by the program of innovative cluster development of the agro-industrial complex of the region. A set of program measures for the development of walnut growing for the period 2019-2021 is proposed for implementation at the regional level. as an innovative project. Keywords: innovative cluster, walnut growing, walnut clusters, food industry, scientific institutions, climatic conditions, environmentally friendly products.

Sh.Mirzaev - Associate professor, "TIIAME" National Research University Abstract: The article defines the theoretical foundations of the concept of digitalization of the economy and practical aspects of digitalization for the development of water management. It is shown that Uzbekistan has significant scientific and resource potential for the development of the digital economy, including modern water and agriculture. The purpose of the study is to analyze current trends and prospects for the development of the digital economy in agriculture and water management, as well as to justify the introduction of digital technologies in agribusiness and water management in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Keywords: digitalization, agro-industrial complex, agriculture, neural network technologies, artificial intelligence, innovative development, digital transformation, information and communication technologies.

M.M.Yakhyaev – PhD student, “Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers” National Research University Abstract: In this article, the development of cattle breeding in our country goes into a deep history. This, in turn, gave a positive result in the development of animal husbandry culture, experience, science, and in the first years of independence, special attention was paid to animal husbandry. Keywords: Pasture, livestock, degradation, astrakhan fur, meat, breeding, wool, soil composition, temperature, vegetation composition and type of pasture, etc.

О.B.Sattorov – PhD, “TIIAME” National Research University Abstract: Horticulture is one of the main spheres of agriculture. Fruits are widely used in a number of branches, such as: medical treatment, public health prevention (prophylaxis) and mainly in food production. But, only horticulture sphere cannot satisfy whole demand of people in fruit and vegetables. Keywords: intensive gardening, efficiency, productivity, specialization, profitability

N.R.Kholmatova - PhD student, TIIAME National Research University Abstract: Agriculture belongs to the life-supporting systems of society, forming its food resource, the state of which determines the national and economic security of the country. In addition, it acts as a basic industry for the development of rural areas, as it largely provides employment for the rural population, its standard of living, the vector of demographic processes and, ultimately, the reproduction of rural society. The agrarian economy is one of the priorities of the national economy, so as directly related to the state and development of the agri-food market, which is currently undergoing significant changes in the context of globalization. In addition, there are significant transformations in the agrarian sector under the influence of the characteristics of the post-industrial stage of development, associated with the aggravation of employment problems, the growth of qualification requirements, technological and infrastructural transformations, the deepening of contradictions between the general increase in the level of economic development and the traditional lag of the industry in comparison with other areas. Keywords: production infrastructure, reproduction, management activities, food resource, agro-industrial complex, financial market.

Namozov Jurabek Abduazizovich - Associate Professor of Chirchik state pedagogical institute, doctor of philosophy (PhD) of Geographical Sciences. E-mail: jurabek.n.a@gmail.com Rajabov Furkat Turakulovich – Head of the department of Chirchik state pedagogical institute, doctor of philosophy (PhD) of Geographical Sciences. f.rajabov@cspi.uz Abstract: The article provides information about the changes in the agricultural lands of Samarkand region as a result of anthropogenic impacts and their consequences. The pastoral livestock state in the region, the number of cattle per 1 hectare of land and its impact degree are given in areas.